Proper management of migration across the Mediterranean Sea requires close cooperation between the EU and African countries.

The book looks at the potential use of the EU's external financial instruments to address the root causes of migration and refugee inflows.

While policymakers hope to stem migration flows by giving foreign aid, existing empirical evidence points in the opposite direction: by loosening budget constraints, aid tends to encourage people to emigrate.

How can the responsibility for refugees be distributed more fairly—globally and within the EU? And how can we curb irregular migration while expanding legal immigration to the benefit of all concerned?

At least since the large refugee movements to the EU in 2015, many policymakers see foreign aid as a means to stem migrant inflows.

Abstract Debates on the extent to which developing countries suffer from a brain drain often focus on the emigration of locally scarce health personnel.

Many development researchers think that foreign aid most likely leads to more emigration because, with higher incomes, more individuals can afford to migrate.

The authors call on G20 leaders to extend more predictable and substantial support to lowand- middle-income countries that host refugees, in recognition of the global public good that these countries provide.

This paper uses geographically disaggregated data to investigate the role of foreign aid as a pull factor for internal migration in Malawi over the period 1998-2008.